Kaiju No. 8 opens with childhood friends Kafka Hibino and Mina Ashiro making a vow after the destruction of their hometown: one day, both will join the Defense Force, the militarized organization that protects Japan from colossal monsters known as kaijuu. Years later, Mina has fulfilled that promise and become one of the force's standout soldiers, while 32-year-old Kafka has been left behind, spending his days cleaning up the remains of defeated kaijuu instead of fighting at the front lines.
Kafka's stagnant life begins to shift when he meets his new coworker, Reno Ichikawa, an ambitious young man whose only goal is to become a member of the Defense Force. Reno's drive reminds Kafka of the dream he once shared, and the two are soon caught in a freak encounter with a rogue kaijuu. Kafka's instinct to protect others allows him to rescue Reno from certain doom, but the encounter leaves him gravely injured.
While both men recover in a hospital, Kafka is attacked again and gains the ability to transform into a humanoid kaijuu with the strength and powers of the massive monsters threatening Japan. Dubbed Kaijuu No. 8 by the military, he resolves to use his newfound gifts for the greater good. Bound together by mutual respect, Kafka and Reno set out to join warriors like Mina at the forefront of the Defense Force, even as Kafka struggles to hide the secret that could make him the enemy they were trained to destroy.