Koisuru Asteroid begins with a childhood promise between Mira Konohata and Ao Manaka, two girls brought together by a night of stargazing. During their brief meeting, Ao introduces Mira to the wonder of astronomy, from planets in orbit to distant stars, and tells her that there is already a star named after Mira but none bearing Ao's name. Before they part, Mira vows that one day she will discover a new asteroid and name it after Ao.
Years later, Mira enters high school at Hoshizaki Academy still captivated by astronomy and determined to join the Astronomy Club. Instead, she discovers that the school's Astronomy Club has been merged with the Geology Club into a single Earth Sciences Club, where she is unexpectedly reunited with Ao after years of separation. Alongside new clubmates Mai Inose and Mikage Sakurai, and under the guidance of Mari Morino, Mira and Ao balance telescope observations, geology activities, and the steady work needed to pursue their shared goal. Their club life turns that childhood promise into a daily effort, combining friendship, curiosity, and a hands-on fascination with the sky and the ground beneath them.